What is the mechanism of action of ethosuximide in the treatment of absence seizures?Įthosuximide works as an antiepileptic drug by blocking the T-type Ca2+ channels in the thalamus. If ethosuximide therapy is ineffective or intolerable, other antiepileptics like valproate or lamotrigine may be considered. Among ethosuximide's notable side effects are GI symptoms such as pain, nausea, and vomiting, coupled with potential lethargy or fatigue. This modulation curtails the sustained rhythmic discharges in the thalamus, effectively averting the inception of absence episodes. An essential diagnostic tool, the electroencephalogram (EEG), distinctly portrays these seizures through the emergence of generalized 3 Hz spike-wave complexes on EEG.Įthosuximide operates by inhibiting the T-type calcium channels located in thalamic neurons, and is specifically for absence seizures. Remarkably, post-seizure, individuals usually have no memory of the event and promptly return to their baseline state of awareness and behavior. These episodes manifest as staring, rhythmic blinking, or minor clonic jerks in the upper extremities. Absence seizures, predominantly observed in children, are typified by sudden, ephemeral lapses in consciousness.
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